Newton's Second Law Part 1
Newton's second law is explained as we examine the forces of gravity, tension, friction, spring, and the normal. We use an example problem to analyze the forces acting on an object resting on a surface.
Newton's second law is explained as we examine the forces of gravity, tension, friction, spring, and the normal. We use an example problem to analyze the forces acting on an object resting on a surface.
Learning Objectives
-Differentiate between field forces and contact forces and provide examples of each.
-Use Newton’s second law to calculate the net force acting on an object and discern whether that object is accelerating.
-Explore different types of forces that act on objects, just as gravity, the normal, applied force, tension, and friction.
-Draw a free body diagram for an object to aid in determining the forces acting on it.
-Differentiate between field forces and contact forces and provide examples of each.
-Use Newton’s second law to calculate the net force acting on an object and discern whether that object is accelerating.
-Explore different types of forces that act on objects, just as gravity, the normal, applied force, tension, and friction.
-Draw a free body diagram for an object to aid in determining the forces acting on it.
Closer Look
In this Closer Look segment on Newton’s Second Law statements, we illustrate and explain how to solve for forces in one dimension and combine kinematic equations with Newton's Second Law to solve problems. |
Vocabulary
contact force - a push or pull transmitted across objects touching one another; examples are the applied force, spring force, and the normal force. field force - pushes or pulls that occur between two objects without the objects touching one another; examples are gravity and the electrostatic force. friction - a force that resists motion. gravity (FG) - one of the four fundamental forces of the universe; is exerted by anything that has mass on anything else that has mass. inverse-square law - any law stating that a quantity decreases with the inverse square of a physical parameter such as distance. net force - the sum of all of the forces acting on an object. newton (N) - a derived unit of measurement for force; one newton is equal to one kilogram times meters divided by seconds squared (kgm/s2). Newton’s 2nd Law of Motion - an object accelerates in the direction of the net force acting on it. normal force (FN) - the support force exerted upon an object by a surface; is always perpendicular to the surface. weight (w) - the force due to gravity acting on an object; equal to the mass of an object multiplied by the acceleration due to gravity on Earth. |